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2015年經濟社會發展
China’s Economic and Social Development in 2015
完成了全年主要目標任務；
The main tasks and targets for the year were fulfilled;
社會經濟發展穩中有進，穩中有好；
Progress was achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development;
國內生產總值達到67.7萬億元，增長6.9%，在世界主要經濟體中位居前列；
GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over 2014—a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies;
居民消費價格漲幅保持較低水平；
Consumer prices grew slowly;
城鎮新增就業1312萬人；
A total of 13.12 million new urban jobs were created;
服務業在國內生產總值中的比重上升到50.5%；
The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%;
消費對經濟增長的貢獻率達到66.4%；
The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%;
單位國內生產總值能耗下降5.6%；
Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%;
全年新登記注冊企業增長21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬戶。；
The number of newly registered businesses rose by 21.6%, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day;
全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長7.4%。；
Personal disposable income per capita increased by 7.4% in real terms;
農村貧困人口減少1442萬人。
The number of rural residents living in poverty was reduced by 14.42 million.
“十三五”時期主要目標任務和重大舉措
Main Targets and tasks for The 13th Five-Year Plan Period (2016-2020)
到2020年，國內生產總值和城鄉居民人均收入比2010年翻一番；
Double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income;
經濟年均增長保持在6.5%以上；
Annual GDP growth: 6.5% or above;
全社會研發經費投入強度達到2.5%；
R&D spending 2.5% of GDP;
科技進步對經濟增長的貢獻率達到60%；
Science and technology’s contribution to economic growth: 60%;
常住人口城鎮化率達到60%；
Permanent urban residents: 60% of the total population;
戶籍人口城鎮化率達到45%；
Registered permanent urban residents: 45% of the total population;
高鐵營業里程達到3萬公里，覆蓋80%以上的大城市；
High-speed railways in service: 30,000 km, linking 80% of big cities;
新建改建高速公路通車里程約3萬公里；
Expressways built or upgraded: 30,000 km;
實現城鄉寬帶網絡全覆蓋；
Full coverage of access to broadband networks;
加快改善生態環境；
Improvements to the environment;
- 單位國內生產總值用水量下降23%；
Water consumption per unit of GDP: down 23%;
- 單位國內生產總值能耗下降15%；
Energy consumption per unit of GDP: down 15%;
- 單位國內生產總值二氧化碳排放量下降18%；
Carbon dioxide emissions: down 18%;
我國現行標準下的農村貧困人口實現脫貧；
Lift all rural residents falling below the current poverty line out of poverty;
實現城鎮新增就業5000萬人以上；
New urban jobs: more than 50 million;
城鎮棚戶區住房改造2000萬套。
Housing units rebuilt in rundown urban areas: 20 million.
2016年重點工作
Major Areas of Work for 2016
3.1 今年發展的主要預期目標
Main development targets
國內生產總值增長6.5%-7%；
GDP growth: 6.5%-7%;
居民消費價格漲幅3%左右；
CPI increase: approx. 3%;
城鎮新增就業1000萬人以上；
New urban jobs: more than 10 million;
城鎮登記失業率4.5%以內；
Registered urban unemployment rate: within 4.5%;
進出口回穩向好；
Steady increases in imports and exports;
國際收支基本平衡；
A basic balance in international payments;
居民收入增長和經濟增長基本同步；
Increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;
單位國內生產總值能耗下降3.4%以上；
Energy consumption per unit of GDP: down more than 3.4%;
主要污染物排放繼續減少。
Further reductions in the release of major pollutants.
3.2 宏觀經濟政策
Macroeconomic policies
繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策；
Implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy;
今年擬安排財政赤字2.18萬億元；
Deficit: 2.18 trillion yuan;
赤字率提高到3%；
Deficit-to-GDP ratio: 3%;
安排地方專項債券4000億元；
Special bonds for local governments: 400 billion yuan;
繼續發行地方政府置換債券；
Continue to issue local government debt – converting bonds;
全面實施營改增；
Replace business tax with VAT in all sectors;
廣義貨幣M2預期增長13%左右；
M2 money supply growth: approx. 13%;
社會融資規模余額增長13%左右；
Aggregate financing growth: approx. 13%;
加快改革完善現代金融監管體制；
Reform the modern financial regulatory system;
保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上基本穩定。
Keep the RMB exchange rate generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.
3.3 加強供給側結構性改革
Supply-side structural reform
繼續大力削減行政審批事項；
Cancel the requirement of government review for more matters;
在部分地區試行市場準入負面清單制度；
Pilot a negative list for market access;
著力實施創新驅動發展戰略；
Implement the strategy of innovation-driven development;
鼓勵創業創新；
Encourage business startups and innovation;
加強知識產權保護；
Strengthen protection of intellectual property rights;
重點抓好鋼鐵、煤炭等困難行業去產能；
Address overcapacity in the steel and coal industries;
國有企業提質增效；
Improve SOE performance;
推進國有企業股權多元化改革；
Diversify types of SOE equity;
依法平等保護各種所有制經濟產權；
Protect the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership;
更好激發非公有制經濟活力。
Energize the non-public sector.
3.4 深挖國內需求潛力
Domestic demand
支持發展養老、健康、家政、教育培訓、文化體育等服務消費；
Support the growth of consumption in elderly care, health, housekeeping, education, training, cultural, and sports services;
壯大網絡信息、智能家居、個性時尚等新興消費；
Strengthen the growth of emerging areas of consumption such as information goods and services, smart homes, and personalized fashion;
降低部分消費品的進口關稅；
Cut tariffs on some consumer goods;
增加免稅店數量；
Increase the number of duty-free stores;
加速旅游業的發展；
Speed up tourism development;
完成鐵路投資8000億元以上；
Invest more than 800 billion yuan in railway construction;
公路投資1.65萬億元；
Invest 1.65 trillion yuan in road construction;
開工20項重大水利工程；
Start construction on 20 water conservancy projects;
建設水電核電、特高壓輸電、智能電網、油氣管網、城市軌道交通等重大項目；
Develop hydropower, nuclear power, ultrahigh-voltage power transmission, smart grids, pipelines for oil and gas transmission, and urban rail transit;
完善政府和社會資本合作模式，激發社會資本參與熱情。
Improve the PPP model to stimulate private investment.
推進新型城鎮化
Advance new urbanization
- 加快農業轉移人口市民化；
Grant urban residency to more people with rural household registration;
- 改革戶籍制度；
Reform the household registration system;
- 實施居住證制度。
Implement the residence card system;
3.5 對外開放
Openning up
扎實推進“一帶一路”建設；
More ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative;
促進外貿創新發展；
Promote innovation-driven development of foreign trade;
- 開展服務貿易發展試點；
Launch trials in the area of trade in services;
實施更加積極的進口政策
Adopt a more proactive import policy
- 擴大先進技術設備、關鍵零部件及緊缺能源原材料進口；
Increase the import of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts and components, and energy and raw materials in short supply in China;
繼續放寬投資準入；
Continue to relax market access restriction on investment;
- 擴大服務業和一般制造業開放；
Further open up the service sector and the general manufacturing sector;
- 簡化外商投資企業設立程序；
Simplify procedures for establishing overseas-funded enterprise;
擴大自貿實驗區試點；
Establish more pilot free trade zones;
擴大國際產能合作；
Achieve greater industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries;
加快實施自由貿易區戰略；
Accelerate implementation of the free trade area strategy;
商簽區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定；
Negotiate on the RCEP agreement;
商簽中日韓自貿協定；
Negotiate on the China-Japan-ROK free trade agreement;
商簽中美、中歐投資協定。
Negotiate on investment agreements between China and the United States and between China and the European Union.
3.6 加大環境治理力度
Environmental pollution management
重拳治理大氣霧霾和水污染；
Control smog and water pollution;
大力發展節能環保產業；
Develop energy-saving and environmental protection industry;
加強生態安全屏障建設。
Step up ecological security.
3.7 切實保障改善民生
Improve Living Standards
著力擴大就業創業；
Promote business development and increase employment;
發展更高質量更加公平的教育；
Promote fairer access to and strengthen the quality of education;
協調推進醫療、醫保、醫藥聯動改革；
Coordinate and promote reform of medical care, medical insurance and pharmaceutical industry;
確保國家安全和公共安全；
Ensure national and public security;
推進文化改革發展；
Promote cultural reform;
加強和創新社會治理。
Strengthen and make innovations in social governance.
3.8 加強政府自身建設，提高施政能力和服務水平
Improve government image and enhance governance and service ability
堅持依法履職，把政府活動全面納入法治軌道；
Exercise power in accordance with the law, legalizing all governmental activities;
堅持廉潔履職，深入推進反腐倡廉；
Exercise power with clean hands and further fight corruption;
堅持勤勉履職，提高執行力和公信力。
Exercise power with diligence , enhancing the government's administrative capacity and public credibility.
（中國日報網英語點津 馬文英 左卓 杜娟）
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